Wine & Spirits

1. Vinos qalltañax uñstam?

   May I see the wine list?

   Usage

   Requesting wine list at restaurant

   Grammar Note

   "vinos" borrowed from Spanish

2. Aka markanin vino yatxatasmam.

   Can you recommend a local wine?

   Usage

   Looking for locally produced wine

   Grammar Note

   "-nin" marks origin

3. Wila / janq'u / rosado vino muntwa.

   I'd like red / white / rosé wine.

   Usage

   Specifying wine color

   Grammar Note

   "wila" (red) and "janq'u" (white) are native Aymara color words (same spellings as the Colors category; the old puca is Quechua puka). This language's data spelled "I want" four different ways — muntha, munxta, munta and muntwa. The person markers of the Aymara simple present are -t for the 1st person, -ta for the 2nd and -i for the 3rd (UniMorph aym: munt V;PRS;1;SG / munta V;PRS;2;SG / muni V;PRS;3;SG), so the bare 1st and 2nd person forms are ambiguous. Only the assertive forms muntwa (1st) and muntawa (2nd) separate them unambiguously, so the 1st person "I want" is standardised here as muntwa. Munxta is not a person form at all.

4. Uk'a copa / botella apniqasmam.

   I'd like a glass / bottle please.

   Usage

   Specifying quantity of wine

   Grammar Note

   Both borrowed from Spanish

5. Aka manq'anamp kunas suma kimat?

   What pairs well with this dish?

   Usage

   Asking about food pairing

   Grammar Note

   "suma" = "good"

6. Alcoholax qawqhasa?

   What is the alcohol content?

   Usage

   Asking about alcohol percentage

   Grammar Note

   "qawqhasa" asks quantity or degree (same pattern as Akax qawqhasa?). The old kunapacha means 'when', not 'how much'

7. Akas seco / frutal / suave.

   This is dry / fruity / smooth.

   Usage

   Tasting note expression

   Grammar Note

   Spanish tasting terms are commonly used

8. Aka markanin cerveza / chicha yatxatasmam.

   Can you recommend a local beer or chicha?

   Usage

   Chicha is a traditional Andean corn beer

   Grammar Note

   "chicha" is a widely used loanword in the Andes, not native Aymara (the native Aymara word for corn beer is aqha). It is kept here as the name most likely to be understood

9. Vino prueba lurañax muntwa.

   I'd like to do a wine tasting.

   Usage

   Requesting a tasting session

   Grammar Note

   "prueba" = "test/trial" in Spanish. This language's data spelled "I want" four different ways — muntha, munxta, munta and muntwa. The person markers of the Aymara simple present are -t for the 1st person, -ta for the 2nd and -i for the 3rd (UniMorph aym: munt V;PRS;1;SG / munta V;PRS;2;SG / muni V;PRS;3;SG), so the bare 1st and 2nd person forms are ambiguous. Only the assertive forms muntwa (1st) and muntawa (2nd) separate them unambiguously, so the 1st person "I want" is standardised here as muntwa. Munxta is not a person form at all.

10. Prueba ch'iqinak utjiti?

    Do you offer tastings / samples?

    Usage

    Asking if tastings are available

    Grammar Note

    "ch'iqina" = "small"

11. Jan ancha miskik utjañ muntwa.

    Not too sweet, please.

    Usage

    Expressing sweetness preference

    Grammar Note

    "jan ancha" = "not too". This language's data spelled "I want" four different ways — muntha, munxta, munta and muntwa. The person markers of the Aymara simple present are -t for the 1st person, -ta for the 2nd and -i for the 3rd (UniMorph aym: munt V;PRS;1;SG / munta V;PRS;2;SG / muni V;PRS;3;SG), so the bare 1st and 2nd person forms are ambiguous. Only the assertive forms muntwa (1st) and muntawa (2nd) separate them unambiguously, so the 1st person "I want" is standardised here as muntwa. Munxta is not a person form at all.

12. Akana vino kunankis?

    What's the house wine?

    Usage

    Asking for house wine

    Grammar Note

    "akana" = "of here / local"

13. Aka vino kawkin markanin?

    What region is this wine from?

    Usage

    Asking about wine's origin region

    Grammar Note

    "kawkin" = "from where"

14. Licorampix cóctel muntwa.

    I'd like a cocktail made with [spirit].

    Usage

    Ordering cocktail with preferred spirit

    Grammar Note

    "-ampix" marks accompaniment. This language's data spelled "I want" four different ways — muntha, munxta, munta and muntwa. The person markers of the Aymara simple present are -t for the 1st person, -ta for the 2nd and -i for the 3rd (UniMorph aym: munt V;PRS;1;SG / munta V;PRS;2;SG / muni V;PRS;3;SG), so the bare 1st and 2nd person forms are ambiguous. Only the assertive forms muntwa (1st) and muntawa (2nd) separate them unambiguously, so the 1st person "I want" is standardised here as muntwa. Munxta is not a person form at all.

15. Salud!

    Cheers! / Let's toast!

    Usage

    Toast expression

    Grammar Note

    "Salud!" (Spanish) is widely used for toasts

16. Aka vinos chullunkhayataskiti?

    Is this wine chilled?

    Usage

    Checking wine temperature

    Grammar Note

    Asks if something has been chilled. The old ch'iyara means 'black' (the Colors category), not 'cold'

17. Alcohol janiw qhawqhani jutirinakax utjiti?

    Do you have non-alcoholic options?

    Usage

    Asking for non-alcoholic alternatives

    Grammar Note

    "utjiti" is the question form 'is there?' (-ti is the question marker). janiw is the negation word. Native-speaker confirmation of the whole sentence is advisable

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