Dietary & Allergies

1. Nayax janiw aychanak manq'kti.

   I do not eat meat.

   Usage

   Describes vegetarian diet

   Grammar Note

   Aymara negates with "janiw...kti"

2. Nayax janiw kuna animal manq'anaksa manq'kti.

   I don't eat any animal foods.

   Usage

   Describes vegan diet

   Grammar Note

   "-sa" intensifies negation

3. Taqi kasta frutos secos usuchiyitu.

   Ta-qi kas-ta fru-tos se-cos u-su-chi-yi-tu.

   Nuts make me sick.

   Usage

   Nut allergy expression

   Grammar Note

   ⚠ A safety-critical phrase. Aymara has no general word for nuts (they do not grow wild in the Andean highlands), so the Spanish umbrella term frutos secos is reinforced with taqi kasta 'of every kind'. There is no word for allergy either, so it is described as 'it harms me'

4. Janit gluten jan utjki manq'anax utji?

   Is there food without gluten?

   Usage

   Gluten-free inquiry

   Grammar Note

   "utji" = "there is"

5. Nayax musulmanatwa, khuchhi aychax janiw manq'kti.

   I'm Muslim and don't eat pork.

   Usage

   Halal/religious restriction

   Grammar Note

   "-twa" is copula "I am"

6. Millk'ix usuchiyitu.

   Milk makes me sick.

   Usage

   Lactose intolerance

   Grammar Note

   "millk'i" is borrowed from Spanish "leche"

7. Challwampi mariscompi usuchiyitu.

   Chall-wam-pi ma-ris-com-pi u-su-chi-yi-tu.

   Seafood makes me sick.

   Usage

   Seafood/shellfish allergy

   Grammar Note

   The Aymara ablative is -ta (lamarata 'from the sea'). 'Meat of the sea' alone could leave out shellfish and crustaceans, so challwa (fish) and mariscos (shellfish) are listed together. 'A and B' puts -mpi on both members

8. Aka manq'anan kuna utji?

   What is in this dish?

   Usage

   Ingredient inquiry

   Grammar Note

   "-n" is locative

9. Jan siwullampi luratasma?

   Could you make it without onion?

   Usage

   Request to omit ingredient

   Grammar Note

   "jan...-mpi" forms "without"

10. K'awnax usuchiyitu.

    Eggs make me sick.

    Usage

    Egg allergy expression

    Grammar Note

    "-x" marks topic

11. Kuna manq'a usuchiyitaspax utjit, sapxitay.

    Please tell me which foods could make me sick.

    Usage

    Allergen info request

    Grammar Note

    "-pxitay" is polite imperative

12. Nayan usuchiyituxaxa wañk'ayitaspawa.

    My allergy is life-threatening.

    Usage

    Severe allergy warning

    Grammar Note

    "-ya-" causative, "-spa" potential

13. Akan aceitex utjit?

    Does this contain oil?

    Usage

    Asks about oil

    Grammar Note

    Borrowed from Spanish "aceite"

14. Yast'ayasiwiti?

    Could it get mixed with other ingredients?

    Usage

    Cross-contamination check

    Grammar Note

    "-siwi" indicates passive/spontaneous

15. Yuspajara yanapt'awimata.

    Thank you for your help.

    Usage

    Gratitude for help

    Grammar Note

    "yuspajara" is standard "thanks"

16. Picante manq'anak janiw manq'kti.

    I can't eat spicy food.

    Usage

    Spice restriction

    Grammar Note

    Borrowed from Spanish

17. Khuchi aycha

    Pork

    Usage

    Point at it to check for a religious restriction

18. Waka aycha

    Beef

    Usage

    Point at it to check what is in a dish

19. Wallpa aycha

    Chicken

    Usage

    Point at it to check what is in a dish

20. Challwa

    Fish

    Usage

    For allergy checks and for ordering

21. K'awna

    Egg

    Usage

    For allergy checks; it hides in sauces

22. Millk'ita lurata

    Dairy

    Usage

    For a milk allergy or lactose intolerance

23. Maní

    Peanut

    Usage

    Anaphylaxis risk — always point and confirm

24. Frutos secos: nueces, almendras, castañas

    Tree nuts

    Usage

    This is directly tied to anaphylaxis, so always point to confirm. A bare Nueces means only walnuts in Spanish, so it was replaced with the general term frutos secos plus a list of kinds. In Bolivia, castaña refers to the Brazil nut

25. Mariscos

    Crustaceans (shrimp, crab)

    Usage

    For allergy checks; it also hides in stocks

26. Tiriwu

    Wheat

    Usage

    For gluten intolerance or a wheat allergy

27. Soya

    Soy

    Usage

    For allergy checks

28. Ajonjolí

    Sesame

    Usage

    For allergy checks

29. Alcohol

    Usage

    To check when you avoid it for faith or medication

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