Cooking & Markets

1. Kawkhansa markana qhathu utji?

   Kawk-han-sa mar-ka-na qha-thu ut-ji?

   Where is the local market?

   Usage

   Used when looking for fresh local produce

   Grammar Note

   The standard frame for location is 'Kawkhansa ... utji?'. Market is qhathu, marka = town, -na = 'of'

2. Aka manq'ax kuna sutinisa?

   A-ka man-q'ax ku-na su-ti-ni-sa?

   What is this ingredient called?

   Usage

   Used to ask the name of an unfamiliar ingredient

   Grammar Note

   'What is it called?' is asked as 'kuna sutinisa?' (what name does it have?): suti 'name' + -ni 'having' + question -sa

3. Aka manq'ax wali jaxuti?

   A-ka man-q'ax wa-li ja-xu-ti?

   Is this dish very spicy?

   Usage

   Used to check whether a dish is very spicy

   Grammar Note

   The old uyu means 'corral for domestic animals' (CONADI: UYU corral de animales domésticos) and has nothing to do with spiciness. Spicy is jaxu (Laime 2020: jaxu. s. Picante. Condimento que produce ardor; CONADI: JAXU picante). aski means 'good' and cannot serve as the intensifier 'very', so it was replaced by wali. The question is marked explicitly with -ti

4. Manq'a yatiqañ uta iwxita.

   Man-q'a ya-ti-qañ u-ta iw-xi-ta.

   Can you recommend a cooking class?

   Usage

   Used when seeking a cooking class recommendation

   Grammar Note

   'To recommend' is iwxaña. -ita forms the imperative 'please do ... to me' (the same frame as uñt'ayita, apxitama and so on)

5. Kunjamsa aka manq'a luraña?

   Kun-jam-sa a-ka man-q'a lu-ra-ña?

   How do you prepare this dish?

   Usage

   Used to ask how to prepare a dish

   Grammar Note

   "kunjamsa" is the interrogative adverb for manner. 'To make' is luraña. The old lurasma means 'I make it for you' (1st person acting on 2nd), which did not fit 'how is this made?'

6. Kawkhansa ch'uxña ali alaña?

   Kaw-khan-sa ch'ux-ña a-li a-la-ña?

   Where can I buy fresh vegetables?

   Usage

   Used to find where to buy fresh produce

   Grammar Note

   'Vegetable' is ch'uxña ali. 'To buy' is alaña. Ch'uqi means 'potato', not vegetables in general. Luqtaña is the ritual 'to offer', not 'to buy'

7. Aka markana manq'a lurañ yatiqañ muntwa.

   A-ka mar-ka-na man-q'a lu-rañ ya-ti-qañ mun-twa.

   I'd like to learn to cook local food.

   Usage

   Expresses interest in learning local cuisine

   Grammar Note

   "I want to ..." is the verb stem + muntwa (I want). The old muniwa is 3rd person ('he wants'), not 'I want'. yatiqaña is 'to learn'; the old yatiqt'aña added -t'a and could not be confirmed

8. Jan aychani manq'a utjiti?

   Jan ay-cha-ni man-q'a ut-ji-ti?

   Do you have vegetarian ingredients?

   Usage

   Used when looking for plant-based ingredients

   Grammar Note

   'Vegetarian' is expressed as 'food without meat'. Aycha = meat, jan ...-ni = not having .... The question is utji + -ti

9. Aka manq'ar kuna especia uchata?

   A-ka man-q'ar ku-na es-pe-cia u-cha-ta?

   What spices are used in this dish?

   Usage

   Used to inquire about spices in a dish

   Grammar Note

   "kuna" is 'what' and uchaña is 'to put/add'. 'Spice' uses the Spanish loan especia (the old achupi could not be confirmed as a word for spice, and churata comes from churaña 'to give', not 'to put in')

10. Mä juk'a yant'añax sumati?

    Mä ju-k'a yan-t'a-ñax su-ma-ti?

    Can I try a sample?

    Usage

    Used at markets or food shops to request a taste

    Grammar Note

    The frame for asking permission is '...ñax sumati?'. Yant'aña means 'to try, to taste'

11. Jayu

    Salt

    Usage

    To ask for it at a table or in a kitchen

12. Asukara

    Sugar

    Usage

    To check whether it goes into a dish or drink

13. Pimienta

    Black pepper

    Usage

    To ask for it at a table or in a kitchen

14. Aceite

    Cooking oil

    Usage

    To check how food is cooked, or for an allergy

15. Vinagre

    Vinegar

    Usage

    To ask for it at a table or in a kitchen

16. Mantekilla

    Butter

    Usage

    Also useful when avoiding dairy

17. Kisu

    Cheese

    Usage

    Also useful when avoiding dairy

18. Misk'i

    Honey

    Usage

    Point at it in a market or a canteen

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