Pharmacy & Health

1. P'iqi usu qulla utjiti?

   P'i-qi u-su qu-lla ut-ji-ti?

   Do you have headache medicine?

   Usage

   Ask for headache medicine in Aymara (Bolivia/Peru pharmacy)

   Grammar Note

   Pirqa means 'wall' and 'head' is p'iqi. Jamp'i refers to toasted grain. 'Medicine' is qulla (pharmacy is qulla aljaña uta, eye drops are nayrataki qulla)

2. Puraka qulla muntwa

   Pu-ra-ka qu-lla mun-twa

   I need stomach medicine

   Usage

   Use when you need stomach medicine

   Grammar Note

   The old jamp'i means toasted grain, not medicine (CONADI: JAMP'I). Medicine is qulla and stomach is puraka (CONADI: PURAKA barriga, abdomen, vientre … estómago). The old text also read munta, which is the 2nd person 'you want', while the translation is 1st person, so it was corrected to muntwa. This language's data spelled "I want" four different ways — muntha, munxta, munta and muntwa. The person markers of the Aymara simple present are -t for the 1st person, -ta for the 2nd and -i for the 3rd (UniMorph aym: munt V;PRS;1;SG / munta V;PRS;2;SG / muni V;PRS;3;SG), so the bare 1st and 2nd person forms are ambiguous. Only the assertive forms muntwa (1st) and muntawa (2nd) separate them unambiguously, so the 1st person "I want" is standardised here as muntwa. Munxta is not a person form at all.

3. Wich'u qulla muntwa

   Wi-ch'u qu-lla mun-twa

   I need anti-diarrhea medicine

   Usage

   Ask for anti-diarrhea medicine

   Grammar Note

   The old suyt'a is suyt'aña 'to wait a moment' (CONADI: SUYT'AÑA esperar un poco) and carries no sense of diarrhea. Diarrhea is wich'u (Laime 2020: wich'u. s. Diarrea; CONADI: WICH'U diarrea). jamp'i 'toasted grain' was likewise replaced by qulla 'medicine'. This language's data spelled "I want" four different ways — muntha, munxta, munta and muntwa. The person markers of the Aymara simple present are -t for the 1st person, -ta for the 2nd and -i for the 3rd (UniMorph aym: munt V;PRS;1;SG / munta V;PRS;2;SG / muni V;PRS;3;SG), so the bare 1st and 2nd person forms are ambiguous. Only the assertive forms muntwa (1st) and muntawa (2nd) separate them unambiguously, so the 1st person "I want" is standardised here as muntwa. Munxta is not a person form at all.

4. Kalur usu utjitu

   Ka-lur u-su ut-ji-tu

   I have a fever

   Usage

   Tell the pharmacist you have a fever

   Grammar Note

   'Fever' is kalur usu (the Spanish loan calor + usu 'illness'). 'I have ...' is utjitu

5. Alergi utjitu

   A-ler-gi ut-ji-tu

   I have an allergy

   Usage

   Inform the pharmacist about your allergy

   Grammar Note

   "Alergi" is borrowed from Spanish "alergia". Many modern terms are Spanish loanwords

6. Curitas muntwa

   Cu-ri-tas mun-twa

   I need bandages/plasters

   Usage

   Ask for bandages or plasters at a pharmacy

   Grammar Note

   "Curitas" from Spanish "curita" — the common term for band-aid in South America. This language's data spelled "I want" four different ways — muntha, munxta, munta and muntwa. The person markers of the Aymara simple present are -t for the 1st person, -ta for the 2nd and -i for the 3rd (UniMorph aym: munt V;PRS;1;SG / munta V;PRS;2;SG / muni V;PRS;3;SG), so the bare 1st and 2nd person forms are ambiguous. Only the assertive forms muntwa (1st) and muntawa (2nd) separate them unambiguously, so the 1st person "I want" is standardised here as muntwa. Munxta is not a person form at all.

7. Ch'uspi jark'aña qulla muntwa

   Ch'us-pi jar-k'a-ña qu-lla mun-twa

   I need insect repellent

   Usage

   Ask for insect repellent at a pharmacy

   Grammar Note

   'Mosquito' is ch'uspi. 'To prevent' is jark'aña. The simple present person markers are -t (1st), -ta (2nd) and -i (3rd), and the 1st and 2nd are easily confused in bare form. With the assertive -wa, muntwa (1st person 'I want to') and muntawa (2nd person) are clearly distinct

8. Inti jark'aña qulla muntwa

   In-ti jar-k'a-ña qu-lla mun-twa

   I need sunscreen

   Usage

   Ask for sunscreen at a pharmacy

   Grammar Note

   'Sunscreen' is expressed as 'medicine that blocks the sun', inti jark'aña qulla. Inti means 'sun'. UV is strong in the high Altiplano. The person markers are -t (1st), -ta (2nd) and -i (3rd); with the assertive -wa, muntwa (1st person 'I want to') and muntawa (2nd person) are clearly distinct

9. Aka qulla kunjamasa umaña?

   A-ka qu-lla kun-ja-ma-sa u-ma-ña?

   How do I take this medicine?

   Usage

   Ask the pharmacist how to take the medicine

   Grammar Note

   'How' is kunjama (kuna means 'what'). -sa is the question marker. 'To take (medicine)' is umaña 'to drink'. Medicine is qulla (jamp'i is toasted grain)

10. Receta wakisiti?

    Re-ce-ta wa-ki-si-ti?

    Do I need a prescription?

    Usage

    Check if a prescription is needed

    Grammar Note

    'To be necessary' is wakisiña. It is the same word as in Mä qulliri wakisiwa 'a doctor is needed'

11. Receta

    Prescription

    Usage

    To check at the counter whether one is required

12. Qulla aljaña uta

    Pharmacy

    Usage

    To ask a passer-by where one is

13. Termómetro

    Thermometer

    Usage

    Point at it when buying one at a pharmacy

14. Venda

    Bandage

    Usage

    Point at it when buying one at a pharmacy

15. Desinfectante

    Antiseptic

    Usage

    Ask for it at a pharmacy to clean a wound

16. Barbijo

    Face mask

    Usage

    Point at it in a pharmacy or shop

17. Toalla higiénica

    Sanitary pads

    Usage

    Pointing beats saying it out loud

18. Condón

    Condom

    Usage

    Point at it in a pharmacy or shop

19. Nayrataki qulla

    Eye drops

    Usage

    For eyes irritated by dust or dry air

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